The Product Design Procedure
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Product Design biasa terdapat pada banyak field, sales, marketing, bahkan sesuatu yang sangat teknis. Karena aplikasinya yang sangat luas, desain produk memiliki skema atau tool yang secara general membantu membentuk kerangka berpikir. Prosedur ini terdiri dari 4 step (Cussler & Moggridge, 2001):
- Needs (What needs should the product fulfill?)
2. Ideas (What different products could satisfy these needs?)
3. Selection (Which ideas are the most promising?)
4. Manufacture (How can we make the product in commercial quantities?)
Pendekatan kerangka berpikir ini masih dapat disesuaikan dengan specific role atau target tertentu.
1. Needs
Dalam step ini, kebutuhan konsumen didefinisikan secara spesifik dan terukur (kuantitaif agar lebih objektif). Selanjutnya dimunculkan parameter/indicator terukur tersebut dengan data yang cukup sehingga dapat ditentukan target/tujuan yang realistis.
2. Ideas
Pada step ini, dilakukan brainstorming ide sebanyak mungkin tanpa memberikan batasan (segala kemungkinan ditulis terlebih dahulu) untuk memenuhi kebutuhan yang sudah ditetapkan pada “Needs”. Setelah ide terkumpulkan, kemudian di-sorting dan diseleksi secara kasar untuk menentukan beberapa ide yang paling menjanjikan.
3. Selection
Pada step ini, ide yang lolos sorting akan diseleksi lebih teliti yang disesuaikan dengan proses/langkah-langkah untuk merealisasikan ide. Terdapat 3 bagian selain feasible yang dapat dijadikan kualifikasi ide-ide:
a. Folly: tidak masuk akal
b. Tidak feasible: dapat dilakukan tetapi secara aspek lain tidak mendukung. Misalnya, memproduksi suatu produk A dari bahan B dan C, tetapi biaya bahan baku dan operasi lebih mahal daripada membeli produk jadi (Produk A)
c. Redundant: sudah tercakup pada ide lain
Dalam penentuan ide (sorting/selection), diperlukan untuk men-kuantifikasi faktor kualitatif agar ide yang terseleksi lebih objektif.
4. Manufacture
Pada step ini, ide terpilih dieksekusi secara optimum sesuai dengan pertimbangan pada tahap selection.
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Product Design is standard in many fields, sales, marketing, even something very technical. Because of its extensive application, product design has a general scheme or tool that helps form a framework of thought. This procedure consists of 4 steps (Cussler & Moggridge, 2001):
1. Needs (What needs should the product fulfill?)
2. Ideas (What different products could satisfy these needs?)
3. Selection (Which ideas are the most promising?)
4. Manufacture (How can we make the product in commercial quantities?)
This frame of mind approach can still be adjusted to a specific role or target.
1. Needs. In this step, consumer needs are explicitly defined and measured (quantitatively to be more objective). Next, the measured parameters/indicators appear with sufficient data to determine realistic targets/goals
2. Ideas. In this step, brainstorming as many ideas as possible without giving any restrictions (all possibilities are written in advance) to meet the needs that have been set in the “Needs.” After the ideas are collected, they are sorted and roughly selected to determine some of the most promising ideas.
3. Selection, At this stage, the ideas that pass the sorting will be selected more carefully according to the process/steps for realizing the idea. There are three parts apart from feasibility that can qualify ideas:
a. Folly: makes no sense
b. Not feasible: it can be done, but in other aspects, it is not supported. For example, producing a product A from materials B and C, but the cost of raw materials and operations is more expensive than buying a finished product (Product A)
c. Redundant: already covered in other ideas. In determining ideas (sorting/selection), it is necessary to quantify qualitative factors so that the selected idea is more objective.
Manufacture, At this step, the selected idea is executed optimally according to the considerations in the selection stage.
Reference:
Cussler, E. L. & Moggridge, G. D., 2001. Chemical Product Design. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
